Types of Macular Degeneration

Macular degeneration is a condition that affects the macula, which is the central part of the retina that is responsible for our clear, detailed vision. Macular degeneration is one of the leading causes of vision loss in people over the age of 50.

Types of Macular Degeneration

There are two types of macular degeneration: dry and wet. Dry macular degeneration is the most common type, accounting for about 90% of cases. It is characterized by the gradual breakdown of the macula, which can cause blurred vision, difficulty seeing in low light, and the appearance of drusen (yellow deposits) in the retina.

Wet macular degeneration is less common but more severe, accounting for about 10% of cases. It is caused by the growth of abnormal blood vessels under the macula, which can leak fluid and blood, leading to scarring and vision loss. Wet macular degeneration can progress rapidly and requires prompt treatment to prevent further vision loss.

Symptoms and Progression of Macular Degeneration

The symptoms of macular degeneration can vary depending on the type and severity of the condition. In the early stages, there may be no symptoms at all, or only mild vision changes that may go unnoticed. As the condition progresses, vision loss can become more severe, with symptoms including blurred or distorted vision, difficulty seeing in low light, and the appearance of blind spots in the central vision.

The progression of macular degeneration can also vary depending on the type of the condition. Dry macular degeneration tends to progress slowly over time, while wet macular degeneration can progress rapidly and cause severe vision loss in a matter of weeks or months.

Diagnosis and Treatment Options for Macular Degeneration

If you are experiencing vision changes or have risk factors for macular degeneration, it is important to see an eye doctor for an evaluation. Your doctor will perform a comprehensive eye exam, including a visual acuity test, a dilated eye exam, and imaging tests to evaluate the macula.

If macular degeneration is diagnosed, there are several treatment options that may be recommended. For dry macular degeneration, there is currently no cure, but there are some steps you can take to slow the progression of the condition, such as quitting smoking, eating a healthy diet, and taking certain supplements.

For wet macular degeneration, there are several treatments available that can help to slow or stop the progression of the condition and preserve vision. These treatments include injections of anti-VEGF drugs, photodynamic therapy, and laser surgery. Your doctor will work with you to determine the best treatment plan based on the type and severity of your macular degeneration.

Maintaining Your Vision for as Long as Possible 

If you are experiencing vision changes or have risk factors for macular degeneration, it is important to see an eye doctor for an evaluation. Your doctor can work with you to determine the best treatment plan based on your individual needs and help you to maintain your vision for as long as possible.

If you are experiencing any symptoms of macular degeneration, consult our optometrist at Lakeview Optometry in our Monticello, Indiana office. Call (574) 583-5531 to schedule an appointment today.